Accident analysis and Countermeasures of hoisting

Accident analysis and Countermeasures of hoisting machinery operation in enterprises

the structure of modern hoisting machinery has developed in the direction of large-scale, precise, multifunctional and pleasant electromechanical integration. For many years, due to the lack of strict and scientific system safety management for the design, manufacture, installation, use and maintenance of hoisting machinery, casualties in the operation of hoisting machinery have become prominent. This paper analyzes the casualty accidents of hoisting machinery in metallurgical enterprises, and puts forward countermeasures

2 accident types comprehensive part of the new production line production time and reasons

due to the wide variety, wide application and complex structure of hoisting machinery, and the rapid development of hoisting machinery in China in recent 20 years, there is a certain gap between China and the developed countries in terms of product specifications, quality stability, production efficiency, automation level, sensitivity and reliability of safety devices, management level, etc, Moreover, there are many problems that can not meet the needs of the development of hoisting machinery at the moment, so casualties in the operation of hoisting machinery often occur

2.1 squeezing Collider

squeezing collider refers to the operator being squeezed and collided by the running lifting machinery. The squeezing and collision of lifting machinery with people is also a common casualty accident in the operation of lifting machinery, which is dangerous and has serious consequences, and often leads to death. There are four main situations of squeezing and bumping people in the operation of overweight machinery:

1) the lifting objects (tools) swing and squeeze and collide people during the operation of lifting machinery. The reasons for this situation are as follows: firstly, due to the improper operation of the driver, the speed of the mechanism changes too fast during operation, resulting in large inertia of the hoisted objects (tools); Second, the hoisting route is unreasonable due to wrong command

2) the hanging objects (tools) are easy to be placed into a new energy, and it is announced that they are unstable and fall and hit people. The first reason is that due to the improper placement of lifting objects (tools), the placement of major lifting objects (tools) is unstable, and necessary safety protection measures are not taken; Second, due to poor management of lifting operation site

3) being squeezed and collided in the operation of commanding or repairing mobile cranes, that is, personnel are squeezed and collided by the running (rotating) lifting machinery between the operating mechanism and the rotating mechanism of the lifting machinery. The first reason is the improper position of the Commanding Personnel (such as standing between the slewing boom and the machine body); The nameplate should be fixed in an obvious position. Second, necessary safety protection measures were not taken during the maintenance operation

4) being squeezed and collided during patrol inspection or maintenance of bridge crane, that is, the operator is squeezed and collided by the running lifting machinery between the lifting machinery and the building (structure) (such as standing on the crane running track of bridge crane or standing on the patrol pedestrian passage). This kind of situation mostly occurs in the bridge crane maintenance operation. The first reason is the lack of contact between the patrol inspection or maintenance personnel and the driver; Second, the necessary safety protection measures (such as the device to fix the crane in the crane operation section) were not taken during the maintenance operation

2.2 electric shock (electric shock)

electric shock (electric shock) refers to the electric shock (electric shock) caused by the operator touching the live body during the operation of lifting machinery. Most crane operations are in the working environment with electricity, and electric shock (electric shock) is also a common casualty accident in crane operations. There are four main situations

1) the driver touches the sliding contact line. When the crane cab is set on the same side of the sliding line, the driver touches the sliding line and gets an electric shock when getting on and off the crane. The first reason is that the location of the cab is unreasonable, so it should not be set on the same side as the sliding contact line generally; Second, the crane is not equipped with a protective plate near the end of the sliding contact line ()

2) the lifting machinery touches the high-voltage transmission line when working in the open air, that is, the mobile crane working in the open air touches the high-voltage transmission line under the high-voltage transmission line or the tower crane is beside the high-voltage transmission line, and touches the high-voltage transmission line during the process of boom extension, luffing and slewing, which makes the lifting machinery live, causing the operator to get an electric shock (electric shock). The first reason is that the necessary safety protection measures (such as installing protective isolation) have not been taken; Second, due to improper command, the operation is wrong

3) electric leakage of electrical facilities. The first reason for this is that the electrical facilities of hoisting machinery are not maintained in time; Second, the cab is not equipped with safety protection insulation pad

4) the lifting steel wire rope touches the contact line, that is, due to the oblique lifting or the violent swing of the lifting object (tool) during the lifting process, the lifting steel wire rope touches the sliding contact line, so that the operators meet the product application requirements and get an electric shock. This is mainly due to improper lifting methods, which violate safety regulations by pulling and lifting askew; Second, there is no sliding contact line protection board near the contact line end of the lifting machinery